Tuesday, January 29, 2008

Wednesday, January 23, 2008

My Science Project Summary

My Science project was an easy but difficult task. The easy part to me, was the experiment. On the other hand the hard part, was making my project look and seem as if it was a high school project. To make it look and seem more grown up, I had to find out information on enzymes in laundry detergents. The hard part about that, was the fact that I couldn't find any information on specific enzymes in a specific laundry detergent. In order to get this in formation, I had to find out why enzymes were important in all laundry detergents. Overall the project wound up being to me a success, and I enjoyed doing it.

MY Science Project Cover Page

Which Laundry Detergent Will Work Best On Stains?










Name: Alfreda C. Davis
Room: 301 Sec: 1-2
Class: AP Biology
Instructor: Ms. Thomas

More From My Science Project

Question or Problem

Which stain will work better on the stains?


Hypothesis

My hypothesis is that the Extra detergent will work the best on getting the satins out of the clothing.


Material List

Shirt
Markers
Ketchup
Mustard
Grass
Extra Detergent
All Detergent
Dynamo Detergent
Water
Scrubbing Item


Procedure

Step1: Lay the shirt out straight
Step 2: Take one of the stains ex. Ketchup
Step 3: Take one of the detergents and put just enough to cover the entire stain.
Step 4: Take you item that you are using to scrub the stains and scrub the stain (When scrubbing the stain, make sure you add pressure to it. Each time that you scrub any of the stains, make sure you add the same amount of pressure each and every time.)
Step 5: While you are scrubbing the stain, add enough water so that it covers the stain.
Step 6: Once you add the water, continue to scrub the stain for 3 more minutes.
Step 7: Once you have completed this record your results.
Step 8: Label the stain and the detergent that you used with a marker that way you won’t loose your place.
Step 9: Repeat all of the above steps until every stain and detergent is used three times, once per stain.




Data Table


Data Table did not show up correctly, but everything else is here.


Results/Observation


In this experiment, I observed that the grass was the hardest stain to remove. The ketchup and the mustard was very hard as well but they most likely had different results in and every time used a different detergent. The Dynamo detergent did the least amount of work removing the stain form the clothing. I also observed that the Extra and the All detergent worked almost the same.


Conclusion

My hypothesis was in correct. I stated that the Extra detergent would work the best and, when doing the project, event though they had similar results, the All detergent worked out the best on the stains.

More of My Science Project

Enzymes








What are enzymes?


They are proteins produced by all living organisms that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions that would otherwise occur at a much slower rate or not at all.
Why is this important in a laundry?


The enzymes used in laundry detergents act on materials that make up a variety of stains and soils so that these materials can be washed away more easily. These enzymes are named after the materials they can act upon, for example, proteases break down protein based stains.






Bibliography

"What are enzymes and why do we use them in laundry detergents?." http://www.scienceinthebox.com/en_UK/safety/whatareenzymes_en.html. 2005. Procter&Gamble. 18 Jan 2008


This site helped me, because it told me information for why we actually need enzymes inside of our laundry detergents.

My Science Project

Abstract




For my project I wanted to see which laundry detergent would work the best on stains. The detergents that I used were All, Dynamo, and Extra. The stains that I used were ketchup, mustard, and grass. I also wanted to see how the enzymes in each detergent would work on the stains. I wanted to see which one would clear the stain the most and to see which one cleared it this least.




I did this project to see how hard the stains would be to get out of the shirt that I used. This project always seemed interesting, because I always heard people saying how hard something was to get out of clothes, so I wanted to try it for myself. Overall I enjoyed doing the project and I saw for myself just how hard it really is.

Wednesday, January 16, 2008

My Annotated Bibliography

American History Annotated Bibliography


1. Kennedy, David, and Cohen, Lizabeth. The American Pageant. 13th ed. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. (730-732). The American Pageant gives me information on the problems occurring in ID v. Evolution.

2. Fisher, Ken. "This Week In Evolution v. Intelligent Design." arstechnica. 11/09/2005. 09 Nov 2005 . This source talks about the differences between ID and Evolution from the perspectives of other people.

3. Hart, Diane. History Alive. Student. Palo Alto: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2008. (376-379). History Alive lets me know the history of the debate between ID and evolution.

4. 17 Dec 2007. "Intelligent Design." Wikipedia. .

5. 17 Dec 2007. "Kilmitzer v. Dover Area School District." Wikipedia. .

6. 17 Dec 2007. "Creation Controversy." Wikipedia. .

7. 7 Dec 2007. "John Scopes Monkey Trial." .

8. "Evolution." Wikipedia. 04 Jan 2008. 4 Jan 2008 .

9. "Evolution: Evidence from Living Organisms." 4 Jan 2008 12/evolution/HTML/live.html>.

10. "All about Evolution and Intelligent Design." Live Science. 4 Jan 2008 .

11. "What is Evolution?." All About Science. 4 Jan 2008 .
"Picture." Google. Dec. 2007 .
This was a picture of evolution transforming. It helped with my project, because it showed exactly what people conceive evolution as.

12. Kitzmiller V. Dover: Day 1, AM: Opening Arguments, Kenneth R. Miller." The TalkOrigins Archive. 28 Sept. 2006. Dec. 2007 .
This was the court case where all the questioning took place. This helped with my project, because it showed exactly what happens in a courtroom when involving such a crucial case.


13. Darwin's Theory of Evolution." All About Science. 2002. AllAboutScience.Org. Dec. 2007 .

This was about how even though this theory is so old, it is in crisis and not everyone believes that this is true. This helped, because it shows how no matter how much research, people do not always believe in science they still believe in their beliefs.


14. Carroll, Robert T. "Intelligent Design." Intelligent Design. 2005. Dec. 2007 .

This site gave me what different people wrote about this subject ass well as gave me other sites to look at for more information. This helped, because it showed me how many others thought and it helped me find more information on my topic.


15. Jones, Lawerence. "Evolution, Intelligent Design Debate Hits Flordia Schools/ Christianpost.Com." Christianpost. 10 Dec. 2007. Christian Post Reporter. Dec. 2007 .

This site was about how the battle over these subjects and how it still goes on even in schools. This helped out because it shows that no matter who it is this will follow you anywhere.


16. Chew, Robin. "Charles Darwin Naturalist." Lucidcafe. Feb. 1996. Jan. 2008 .

This was about the life of Charles Darwin and his beliefs on the theory that he created. This helped me, because it helped me see how the person who created the theory thought.


17. "Intelligent Design? a Special Report From Natural History Magazine." Actionbioscience. 2000. Jan. 2008 .

This was site had different views from newspapers as well as others about what was going on with intelligent design. This helped, because once again it showed me other peoples views on this subject matter.

18. "The Evolution, Creationism, and Intelligent Design Controversy." Law.Umkc. Exploring Constitutional Conflicts. Jan. 2008 .

This site helped because it showed me cases as well as gave me insight on what went on with my topic.


19. Moran, Laurence. "What is Evolution?" Talkorigins. 22 Jan. 1993. Jan. 2008 .

This site was about what exactly evolution is. It helped me because it gave me more insight on what exactly evolution consists of.

My Math Project Summary

For my project I researched information about Pythagoras. As we all already know, he invented the Pythagorean Theorem. Something that I didn't know, was that he was also one of, if not the first to discover music. I also didn't know that he and the people that he called his Pythagoreans helped him come up with the theorem. His theorem in case you don't know is A^+B^=C^. I found out a lot of information about him and you can check out the rest on my actual power point project.

Progress For NHD

For the past couple of weeks I have been working on my NHD project. I have found information on Charles Darwin and his theories. I have also found out information about cases having to do with I.D. and Evolution. I have even found sites that give information from Newspaper talking about how these to topics effect their communities and their school system and how they don't want it taught in their schools around their children. A lot of these sources have been helpful to me and my partner in our quest to make this project an entertaining one as well as an educational one.

Thursday, January 10, 2008

300 Word Essay

This year for NHD I am doing my project on thee debate between intelligent design and evolution being taught in schools. I am doing a documentary and I will be working with Daivon Jackson.



We picked this topic, because it is very interesting, and whenever t is talked about, it some how creates a heated debate. A couple of times it has even created court cases having to do with people going against each other for this not to be taught in schools. One case and source that had some thing to do with this topic was the Millerkitz vs. The Dover area School District. There have been other cases on this studies, there has even been things that have occurred where a students painting was torched because he/she drew a big portrait if monkeys slowly evolving into a human man. People’s families were even threatened depending on which side they were for.




This topic relates to the NHD topic, because there is a conflict and a compromise. The conflict is that people don not always agree on this topic and it causes a lot on trouble and tension for a lot of people, sometime so much conflict that its results include people threatening others lives. Our compromise is that in the end it was outlawed in public schools, that way you wouldn’t have to worry about this any longer.


In the end, this is clearly a really hot and debated topic. Even in our school we had to write a paper on whether or not we thought is should be taught in schools. This causes a lot of problems and that’s why we picked this as our topic. My partner and I would like to get more in depth on this topic and we think that we can cause even more awareness of this topic by doing a topic like this one, which is such a strong topic.